Medically reviewed by Isabel Casimiro, MD, PhD Fact checked by Jillian Dara The lumbar spine includes the five vertebrae in ...

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS ... A brief overview of lumbar functional anatomy is presented.

An MRI scan revealed severe spinal canal stenosis at L3-L4 and L4-L5, as well as a herniated nucleus pulposus on the right at L5-S1 (Figs 11, 12). DC underwent a L3-L5 decompressive laminectomy ...