The research is detailed in “Investigation of uniformity in fused quartz crucibles for Czochralski silicon ingots,” published in Journal of Crystal Growth. The team came from three Norwegian ...

They simulated a Czochralski process for an ingot with a diameter of 200 mm ... for the production of monocrystalline or single-crystal silicon wafers for photovoltaic or semiconductor applications.

The result is a silicon crystal ingot that is either positively (p-type) or negatively charged (n-type). Slices of the ingot approximately 1/30th of an inch thick are cut from this "crystal salami ...